This volume contains the ten most cited articles that have appeared in the journal Atmosphere-Ocean since 1995. These articles cover a wide range of topics in meteorology, climatology and oceanography. Modelling work is represented in five papers, covering global climate model development; a cumulus parameterization scheme for global climate models; development of a regional forecast modelling system and parameterization of peatland hydraulic processes for climate models. Data rehabilitation and compilation in order to support trend analysis work on comprehensive precipitation and temperature data sets is presented in four papers. Field studies are represented by a paper on the circumpolar lead system. While the modelling studies are global in their application and applicability, the data analysis and field study papers cover environments that are specifically, but not uniquely, Canadian. This book will be of interest to researchers, students and professionals in the various sub-fields of meteorology, oceanography and climate science.

This volume contains the ten most cited articles that have appeared in the journal Atmosphere-Ocean since 1995. These articles cover a wide range of topics in meteorology, climatology and oceanography. Modelling work is represented in five papers, covering global climate model development; a cumulus parameterization scheme for global climate models; development of a regional forecast modelling system and parameterization of peatland hydraulic processes for climate models. Data rehabilitation and compilation in order to support trend analysis work on comprehensive precipitation and temperature data sets is presented in four papers. Field studies are represented by a paper on the circumpolar lead system. While the modelling studies are global in their application and applicability, the data analysis and field study papers cover environments that are specifically, but not uniquely, Canadian. This book will be of interest to researchers, students and professionals in the various sub-fields of meteorology, oceanography and climate science.

The methods for hybrid systems are distributed across a wide spectrum, ranging from methods known in the discrete (cyber-)domain at one end, to traditional approaches for the continuous physical systems at the other. Rooted at opposite ends, both computer scientists and control theorists have made significant contributions to the field of hybrid systems by extending traditional methods from the traditional discrete or continuous domain to deal with hybrid systems. However, in general, there has been little work on integrating methods from these two domains. This is possibly because the formal methods pursued in computer science traditionally lie in the realm of discrete mathematics, while control theory approaches lie mainly in the realm of continuous mathematics. A noticeable trend in the recent hybrid system literature emphasizes the synthesis of hybrid controllers for continuous or hybrid dynamical systems to satisfy complicated temporal logic specifications. This is known as symbolic control or hybrid supervisory control, which can be seen as a crosstalk between these two schools of thoughts. Hybrid Dynamical Systems balances the emphasis on methods from both computer science and control theory, and gives the readers a complete picture of the whole field of hybrid dynamical systems. As well as providing a concise overview for a researcher in the field, the tutorial style makes it suitable for use in a course and by students.

A graduate-level textbook, Hybrid Dynamical Systems provides an accessible and comprehensive introduction to the theory of hybrid systems. It emphasizes results that are central to a good understanding of the importance and role of such systems. The authors have developed the materials in this book while teaching courses on hybrid systems, cyber-physical systems, and formal methods. This textbook helps students to become familiar with both the major approaches coloring the study of hybrid dynamical systems. The computer science and control systems points of view - emphasizing discrete dynamics and real time, and continuous dynamics with switching, respectively - are each covered in detail. The book shows how the behavior of a system with tightly coupled cyber- (discrete) and physical (continuous) elements can best be understood by a model simultaneously encompassing all the dynamics and their interconnections. The theory presented is of fundamental importance in a wide range of emerging fields from next-generation transportation systems to smart manufacturing.Features of the text include: extensive use of examples to illustrate the main concepts and to provide insights additional to those acquired from the main text; chapter summaries enabling students to assess their progress; end-of-chapter exercises, which test learning as a course proceeds; an instructor's guide showing how different parts of the book can be exploited for different course requirements; and a solutions manual, freely available for download by instructors adopting the book for their teaching. Access to MATLAB and Stateflow is not required but would be beneficial, especially for exercises in which simulations are a key tool.

This SpringerBrief investigates the performance of semi-blind independent component analysis (ICA) based equalization and carrier frequency offset estimation approaches (CFO) for a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based wireless communication systems. It provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges of channel equalization and frequency synchronization for different wireless systems. The authors present the wireless communication channel and system models. Key existing CFO estimation methods are reviewed, along with a number of the training based and non-training based (blind) channel estimation methods. This is followed by a study of ICA and its applications to OFDM-based wireless communication systems. Later chapters provide a detailed description of recent research on semi-blind CFO estimation and ICA based equalization approaches for various wireless communication systems including multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) OFDM and coordinated multipoint (CoMP) systems. Semi-blind CFO estimation and equalization structures provide a spectrum-efficient and high-performance solution for high speed wireless communications. This book is suitable for postgraduate students, researchers or professionals in the area of wireless communications.

This unique book examines the re-emergence of a securities market in the People's Republic of China, providing a comprehensive analysis of the market forces that are transforming China's centrally planned economy. The authors provide answers to the key issues such as: Why did a securities market develop in China? How do market practices compare with those in other countries? What are the major difficulties encountered in the development process of the securities market, and what growth potential does the Chinese securities market have? Based on Dr. Xia's comprehensive survey of officials at Chinese securities issuing companies, government policy agencies, and stock exchange centers, the authors offer a comprehensive report on the investment climate in China and its future.

After reviewing briefly the emerging securities markets of other developing countries and the impact of the international debt crisis, the authors examine the economic reforms in China and their impact on China's business climate. An in-depth discussion of financial sector developments, the regulatory framework and scope of the securities market, and a profile of market participants precedes a comprehensive examination of the type and nature of bond and stock issuing activities. The operations of securities trading centers, including secondary markets and, in particular, the Shanghai Exchange, is explained in detail with the conclusion offering unique insights into the development prospects of these markets. Essential to all investors in China, this book is also an important source of information for academics, researchers, and business executives.

Written for international business managers and executives, this book offers a comprehensive and authoritative discussion of foreign direct investment in the People's Republic of China. The authors note at the outset that although the events of Tiananmen Square brought both trade and investment to a virtual standstill, new investment is now again flowing into China (but at a guarded pace). For those wishing to pursue the numerous opportunities that still exist, this volume offers a full analysis of the risks involved, a thorough treatment of the different forms of investment activities in China, complete coverage of China's investment policies and incentives, and specific case studies of foreign direct investment in China.

The authors begin by providing an overview of the Open Door Policy and China's economic and managerial systems. Next, they discuss special economic zones and open cities; investment policies, such as flexible foreign ownership and choice of investment location; new incentives after 1986; and investment motivations. The modes of foreign investment covered include equity joint ventures, contractual joint ventures, wholly foreign-owned enterprises, joint oil exploration, compensation, and trade. Separate chapters analyze foreign investment inflows, identify the organizations involved in foreign investment, describe investment negotiation and approval procedures, and provide a detailed example of a joint venture feasibility study. Three case studies and an evaluation of the outlook for future foreign investment in China complete the volume. Numerous explanatory tables and figures amplify points made in the text. Two appendixes provide a sample contract and articles of association for joint ventures in China and the regulations for development and opening of the Shanghai Pudong New Area. A third appendix lists the rules for the implementation of Chinese law on wholly foreign-owned enterprises in China.